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The following list includes papers that discuss the initial version of TRAKLA [56], its web-based front-end WWW-TRAKLA [48], and finally the latest version TRAKLA2 [32]. The main contribution is the concept of visual algorithm simulation [30] and the corresponding exercises utilized in TRAKLA2. We have conducted a number of evaluation studies [18,31,45,41] that have revealed many important aspects of these exercises as well as web based learning environments in general. For example, the intervention study [41] shows that there is no difference in learning results among students practising on the web with algorithm simulation exercises and students working in closed labs if the assignments are the same.

  1. 2009

  2. HOW DOES ALGORITHM VISUALIZATION AFFECT COLLABORATION? Video Analysis of Engagement and Discussions. Ari Korhonen, Mikko-Jussi Laakso, and Niko Myller (2009) In: Joaquim Filipe and José Cordeiro eds. Proceesing of the 5th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies. INSTICC — Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information, Control and Communication, WEBIST 2009, 23-26 March, Lisboa, Portugal, pp. 479–488.

  3. Comparing Learning Performance of Students Using Algorithm Visualizations Collaboratively on Different Engagement Levels. Mikko-Jussi Laakso, Niko Myller, and Ari Korhonen (2009) Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 12 (2), pp. 267–282.

  4. 2008

  5. Experiences on Using TRAKLA2 to Teach Spatial Data Algorithms. Jussi Nikander, Juha Helminen, and Ari Korhonen (2008) In: Guido Rössling ed. Proceedings of the Fifth Program Visualization Workshop (PVW 2008).

  6. 2007

  7. Analyzing engagement taxonomy in collaborative algorithm visualization. Niko Myller, Mikko Laakso, and Ari Korhonen (2007) In: Proceedings of the 12th annual SIGCSE conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education. ACM. pp. 251–255.

  8. Spatial Data Algorithm Extension To TRAKLA2 Environment. Jussi Nikander (2007) In: Anders Berglund and Mattias Wiggberg eds. 6th Baltic Sea Conference on Computing Education Research Koli Calling 2006. pp. 147–148. February.

  9. Algorithm Visualization in Teaching Spatial Data Algorithms. Jussi Nikander and Juha Helminen (2007) In: 11th International Conference Information Visualization IV2007. IEEE Computer Society, pp. 505–510. July.

  10. Visualization of Spatial Data Structures on Different Levels of Abstraction. Jussi Nikander, Ari Korhonen, Eiri Valanto, and Kirsi Virrantaus (2007) In: Guido Rössling ed. Proceedings of the Fourth Program Visualization Workshop (PVW 2006). Florence, Italy, pp. 60–66.

  11. 2006

  12. TRAKLA2: A Practising Environment for Data Structures and Algorithms. Erik Fallenius, Ville Karavirta, and Ari Korhonen (2006) Posteri: Ohjelmoinnin perusopetuksen kehittämisseminaari, 13.10.2006 Turku.

  13. Automatic Tutoring Question Generation During Algorithm Simulation. Ville Karavirta and Ari Korhonen (2006) In: Anders Berglund and Mattias Wiggberg eds. Proceedings of the 6th Finnish/Baltic Sea Conference on Computer Science Education, Koli Calling. pp. 95–100.

  14. On the use of resubmissions in automatic assessment systems. Ville Karavirta, Ari Korhonen, and Lauri Malmi (2006) Computer Science Education, 16 (3), September. pp. 229–240.

  15. Ohjelmoinnin perusopetuksen verkostohanke. Ville Karavirta, Ari Korhonen, and Otto Seppälä (2006) Poster in Methods, Materials and Tools for Programming Education. May.

  16. Sijaintialgoritmitehtävien automaattinen tarkastaminen. Jussi Nikander (2006) In: Lea Kutvonen and Päivi Kuuppelomäki (toim.) eds. Tietojenkäsittelytieteen seura, Tietojenkäsittelytieteen päivät 2006, Helsinki, 2006, pp. 31–36.

  17. Modelling Student Behavior in Algorithm Simulation Exercises with Code Mutation. Otto Seppälä (2006) In: Anders Berglund and Mattias Wiggberg eds. Proceedings of the 6th Annual Finnish / Baltic Sea Conference on Computer Science Education. Uppsala University. November.

  18. Observations on student misconceptions – A case study of the Build-Heap Algorithm. Otto Seppälä, Lauri Malmi, and Ari Korhonen (2006) Computer Science Education, 16 (3), September. pp. 241–255.

  19. 2005

  20. Algoritmisimulaatio tietorakenteiden ja algoritmien opetuksessa. Petri Ihantola, Ari Korhonen, and Lauri Malmi (2005) In: ReflekTori 2005 – Tekniikan opetuksen symposium. TKK Dipoli, pp. 1–10. lokakuu.

  21. Different Learners Need Different Resubmission Policies in Automatic Assessment Systems. Ville Karavirta, Ari Korhonen, and Lauri Malmi (2005) In: Proceedings of the 5th Annual Finnish / Baltic Sea Conference on Computer Science Education. University of Joensuu. pp. 95–102. November.

  22. Visuaalinen algoritmisimulaatio ja sen sovelluksia. Ari Korhonen (2005) Tietojenkäsittelytiede, no. 23, pp. 42–59.

  23. Multi-Perspective Study of Novice Learners Adopting the Visual Algorithm Simulation Exercise System TRAKLA2. Mikko-Jussi Laakso, Tapio Salakoski, Linda Grandell, Xuemei Qiu, Ari Korhonen, and Lauri Malmi (2005) Informatics in Education, 4 (1), pp. 49–68.

  24. The Feasibility of Automatic Assessment and Feedback. Mikko-Jussi Laakso, Tapio Salakoski, and Ari Korhonen (2005) In: Proceedings of Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age (CELDA 2005). IEEE. Porto, Portugal, pp. 113–122.

  25. Experiences on Automatically Assessed Algorithm Simulation Exercises with Different Resubmission Policies. Lauri Malmi, Ville Karavirta, Ari Korhonen, and Jussi Nikander (2005) Journal of Educational Resources in Computing, 5 (3), September.

  26. Managing Automatically Assessed Exercises in TRAKLA2. Jussi Nikander (2005) Master's Thesis. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Helsinki University of Technology.

  27. Observations on student errors in algorithm simulation exercises. Otto Seppälä, Lauri Malmi, and Ari Korhonen (2005) In: Proceedings of the 5th Annual Finnish / Baltic Sea Conference on Computer Science Education. University of Joensuu. pp. 81–86. November.

  28. 2004

  29. MatrixPro - A Tool for Demonstrating Data Structures and Algorithms Ex Tempore. Ville Karavirta, Ari Korhonen, Lauri Malmi, and Kimmo Stålnacke (2004) Joensuu, Finland.

  30. Taxonomy of Visual Algorithm Simulation Exercises. Ari Korhonen and Lauri Malmi (2004) In: Proceedings of the Third Program Visualization Workshop. The University of Warwick, UK, pp. 118–125. July.

  31. Matrix - A Framework for Interactive Software Visualization. Ari Korhonen, Lauri Malmi, Panu Silvasti, Ville Karavirta, Jan Lönnberg, Jussi Nikander, Kimmo Stålnacke, and Petri Ihantola (2004) Laboratory of Information Processing Science, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Helsinki University of Technology. TKO-B 154/04. Research Report.

  32. Automatic Assessment of Exercises for Algorithms and Data Structures – a Case Study with TRAKLA2. Mikko-Jussi Laakso, Tapio Salakoski, Ari Korhonen, and Lauri Malmi (2004) In: Proceedings of Kolin Kolistelut / Koli Calling – Fourth Finnish/Baltic Sea Conference on Computer Science Education. Helsinki University of Technology. pp. 28–36.

  33. Visual Algorithm Simulation Exercise System with Automatic Assessment: TRAKLA2. Lauri Malmi, Ville Karavirta, Ari Korhonen, Jussi Nikander, Otto Seppälä, and Panu Silvasti (2004) Informatics in Education, 3 (2), pp. 267–288.

  34. Automatic Feedback and Resubmissions as Learning Aid. Lauri Malmi and Ari Korhonen (2004) In: Proceedings of 4th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, ICALT'04. IEEE. Joensuu, Finland, pp. 186–190.

  35. Collecting Statistical Data of the Usage of a Web-based Educational Software. Panu Silvasti, Lauri Malmi, and Petteri Torvinen (2004) In: Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Web-Based Education. IASTED. Innsbruck, Austria, pp. 107–110.

  36. 2003

  37. Visual Algorithm Simulation. Ari Korhonen (2003) Doctoral Dissertation (Tech Rep. No. TKO-A40/03). Helsinki University of Technology.

  38. Interaction and Feedback in Automatically Assessed Algorithm Simulation Exercises. Ari Korhonen, Lauri Malmi, Jussi Nikander, and Petri Tenhunen (2003) Journal of Information Technology Education, vol. 2, pp. 241–255.

  39. TRAKLA2: a framework for automatically assessed visual algorithm simulation exercises. Ari Korhonen, Lauri Malmi, and Panu Silvasti (2003) In: Proceedings of Kolin Kolistelut / Koli Calling – Third Annual Baltic Conference on Computer Science Education. Joensuu, Finland, pp. 48–56.

  40. TRAKLA2. Ari Korhonen, Lauri Malmi, Panu Silvasti, Jussi Nikander, Petri Tenhunen, Pekka Mård, Harri Salonen, and Ville Karavirta (2003) Computer program (http://trakla.cs.hut.fi/).

  41. Exploring the Role of Visualization and Engagement in Computer Science Education. Thomas L. Naps, Guido Rößling, Vicki Almstrum, Wanda Dann, Rudolf Fleischer, Chris Hundhausen, Ari Korhonen, Lauri Malmi, Myles McNally, Susan Rodger, and J. Ángel Velázquez-Iturbide (2003) SIGCSE Bulletin, 35 (2), June. pp. 131–152.

  42. Evaluating the Educational Impact of Visualization. Thomas L. Naps, Guido Rößling, Jay Anderson, Stephen Cooper, Wanda Dann, Rudolf Fleischer, Boris Koldehofe, Ari Korhonen, Marja Kuittinen, Charles Leska, Lauri Malmi, Myles McNally, Jarmo Rantakokko, and Rockford J. Ross (2003) SIGCSE Bulletin, 35 (4), December. pp. 124–136.

  43. Tilastollisen datan kerääminen algoritmisten harjoitustehtäväsovelmien käytöstä (Collecting statistical data of the usage of algorithmic exercise applets). Panu Silvasti (2003) Master's Thesis. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Helsinki University of Technology. (in Finnish).

  44. Tilastollinen analyysi algoritmisten harjoitustehtäväsovelmien käytöstä (Statistical Analysis of Usage of Algorithmic Exercise Applets). Petteri Torvinen (2003) Helsinki University of Technology. In finnish.

  45. 2002

  46. Skaalautuvat opetus- ja arviointimenetelmät. Ari Korhonen (2002) In: Anu Yanar ed. Yopas Yotakin! Opettajien oivalluksia opetuksesta; Yoop 2000 -kurssin opetuksen kehittämishankeraportit. Teknillinen korkeakoulu, Espoo, Suomi, pp. 92–99.

  47. Internet-based Training of Data Structures and Algorithms at University Education. Ari Korhonen and Lauri Malmi (2002) In: J. Bobpry and A. Eteläpelto eds. Collaboration and Learning in Virtual Environments. University of Jyväskylä, Finland, pp. 137–146.

  48. Voiko verkossakin oppia?. Ari Korhonen and Lauri Malmi (2002) Polysteekki, vol. 1, pp. 14–16.

  49. Does it Make a Difference if Students Exercise on the Web or in the Classroom?. Ari Korhonen, Lauri Malmi, Pertti Myllyselkä, and Patrik Scheinin (2002) In: Proceedings of The 7th Annual SIGCSE/SIGCUE Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, ITiCSE'02. ACM Press, New York, Aarhus, Denmark, pp. 121–124.

  50. Algorithm Simulation – A Novel Way to Specify Algorithm Animations. Ari Korhonen, Lauri Malmi, Jussi Nikander, and Panu Silvasti (2002) In: Mordechai Ben-Ari ed. Proceedings of the Second Program Visualization Workshop. HorstrupCentret, Denmark, pp. 28–36. June.

  51. Automatic Feedback and Algorithm Simulation. Ari Korhonen, Lauri Malmi, Jussi Nikander, and Petri Tenhunen (2002) In: Proceedings of the First Annual Baltic Conference on Computer Science Education, Report A-2002-1. University of Joensuu, Joensuu, Finland, pp. 20–26.

  52. Automaattinen tarkastaminen opetuksen apuvälineenä. Lauri Malmi (2002) Tietojenkäsittelytiede, no. 17, pp. 24–35.

  53. Experiences in Automatic Assessment on Mass Courses and Issues for Designing Virtual Courses. Lauri Malmi, Ari Korhonen, and Riku Saikkonen (2002) In: Proceedings of The 7th Annual SIGCSE/SIGCUE Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, ITiCSE'02. ACM Press, New York, Aarhus, Denmark, pp. 55–59.

  54. 2001

  55. Fully Automatic Assessment of Programming Exercises. Riku Saikkonen, Lauri Malmi, and Ari Korhonen (2001) In: Proceedings of the 6th Annual SIGCSE/SIGCUE Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, ITiCSE'01. ACM Press, New York, Canterbury, UK, pp. 133–136.

  56. 2000

  57. Algorithm Animation and Simulation. Ari Korhonen (2000) Licenciate's Thesis. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Helsinki University of Technology.

  58. Algorithm Simulation with Automatic Assessment. Ari Korhonen and Lauri Malmi (2000) In: Proceedings of The 5th Annual SIGCSE/SIGCUE Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, ITiCSE'00. ACM Press, New York, Helsinki, Finland, pp. 160–163.

  59. Design Pattern for Algorithm Animation and Simulation. Ari Korhonen, Lauri Malmi, and Riku Saikkonen (2000) In: Proceedings of the First Program Visualization Workshop – PVW 2000. University of Joensuu, Porvoo, Finland, pp. 89–100. July.

  60. Opetuksen oivalluksia ja teknologiaa — Tietotekniikan opettajat koolla Suomessa. Ari Korhonen, Lauri Malmi, and Erkki Sutinen (2000) Tietojenkäsittelytiede, no. 14, Joulukuu. pp. 25–27.

  61. New Methods for Teaching Data Structures and Algorithms. Lauri Malmi and Ari Korhonen (2000) Helsinki, Finland.

  62. 1999

  63. Kokemuksia erään tietokoneavusteisen oppimisympäristön tuomasta lisäarvosta. Ari Korhonen (1999) Peda forum, 6 (2), pp. 4–6.

  64. Tietorakenteiden ja algoritmien opetus (Teaching data structures and algorithms). Lauri Malmi and Ari Korhonen (1999) Posteri TKK:n opetuksen kehittämispäivillä Fiktio + Fakta^2. Helsinki, Suomi.

  65. WWW-TRAKLA. Lauri Malmi and Ari Korhonen (1999) Poster in the workshop Campus Futurum -teknologia ja oppiminen (Technology and learning). Oulu, Finland.

  66. 1997

  67. World Wide Web (WWW) tietorakenteiden ja algoritmien tietokoneavusteisessa opetuksessa. Ari Korhonen (1997) Master's Thesis. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Helsinki University of Technology.

  68. 1993

  69. TRAKLA – A System for Teaching Algorithms Using Email and a Graphical Editor. Juha Hyvönen and Lauri Malmi (1993) In: Proceedings of HYPERMEDIA in Vaasa. pp. 141–147.

"The whole of science is nothing more than a refinement of everyday thinking."
- Albert Einstein